Atomic Theory and Radioactivity

Atomic Batteries: Energy from Radioactivity

With alternate, sustainable, natural sources of energy being sought after, there is new interest in energy from radioactivity, including natural and waste radioactive materials. A study of various atomic batteries is presented with perspectives of development and comparisons of performance parameters and cost. We discuss radioisotope thermal generators, indirect conversion batteries, direct con...

Number Theory and Atomic Densities

The Atomic Theory

The idea that the elements are capable of being split up into very tiny particles was first evolved by the Greeks. The word atom comes from the greek word atomos which means indivisible and the idea that the elements are made up of atoms is called the atomic theory. A scientific theory is a scientific idea which has been accepted by scientists after due consideration. When an idea is first prop...

ZooKeeper’s atomic broadcast protocol: Theory and practice

Apache ZooKeeper is a distributed coordination service for cloud computing, providing essential synchronization and group services for other distributed applications. At its core lies an atomic broadcast protocol, which elects a leader, synchronizes the nodes, and performs broadcasts of updates from the leader. We study the design of this protocol, highlight promised properties, and analyze its...

A Theory of Atomic Transactions

This paper describes some results of a recent project to develop a theory for reasoning about atomic transactions. This theory allows careful statement of the correctness conditions to be satisfied by transaction-processing algorithms, as well as clear and concise description of such algorithms. It also serves as a framework for rigorous correctness proofs.